{"id":2625559,"date":"2022-04-10T09:00:47","date_gmt":"2022-04-10T02:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kill2.mmmaq.com/_res_0\/?p=2625559"},"modified":"2025-12-17T17:48:08","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T10:48:08","slug":"gam-hoa-chat-lieu-lam-nen-su-sang-trong-trong-noi-that-co-dien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kill2.mmmaq.com/_res_0\/gam-hoa-chat-lieu-lam-nen-su-sang-trong-trong-noi-that-co-dien\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u1ea5m hoa: Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ef1 sang tr\u1ecdng trong n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Harper's

N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea5m hoa trong kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Park Hyatt Saigon. \u1ea2nh: Park Hyatt Saigon<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

T\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi trang hay n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, v\u1ea3i g\u1ea5m (jacquard) lu\u00f4n \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb9p tinh t\u1ebf, sang tr\u1ecdng, c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, g\u1ea5m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

G\u1ea5m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i g\u1ea5m<\/h2>\n

Jacquard l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i d\u1ec7t c\u00f3 hoa v\u0103n. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u00eau hay in, hoa v\u0103n tr\u00ean g\u1ea5m t\u1ea1o ra do c\u00e1ch d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i. Tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, s\u1ee3i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec7t g\u1ea5m. Nh\u01b0ng hai lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean hay d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cotton v\u00e0 t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m.<\/p>\n

G\u1ea5m l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t tinh x\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ec7t. S\u1ee3i nhu\u1ed9m tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi d\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c hoa v\u0103n hai da c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc b\u1eaft m\u1eaft, khi s\u1edd v\u00e0o \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1ee3t. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Theo ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, g\u1ea5m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 475\u2013211 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u sau C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean khi giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ee5a t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

L\u00fac n\u00e0y, g\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a kh\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00c1-\u00c2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c, kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VI sau C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean, hai tu s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Byzantium \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m mang v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Byzantium tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m d\u1ec7t t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. G\u1ea5m Byzantium c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u may m\u1eb7c cho gi\u1edbi qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Trung \u00c1 cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn l\u00e0 gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n trong giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea5m l\u1ee5a kh\u1eafp \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, Joseph Marie\u00a0 <\/span>Jacquard ph\u00e1t minh ra m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t jacquard. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1ea5m tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. G\u1ea5m tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho gi\u1edbi qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t jacquard gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1eabu m\u00e3 hoa v\u0103n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1n. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, g\u1ea5m c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb9p ki\u00eau sa. Hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t jacquard \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ec7t g\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m n\u00ean m\u1ea3nh g\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eb9p<\/h2>\n

V\u1ea3i g\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t t\u1eeb 3 cu\u1ed9n ch\u1ec9 d\u1ec7t. Hai cu\u1ed9n ch\u1ec9 d\u1ec7t ngang v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t d\u1ecdc b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i. Quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1ec7t g\u1ea5m \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi\u00a0 <\/span>th\u00eam cu\u1ed9n ch\u1ec9 d\u1ec7t ngang th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean hoa v\u0103n trang tr\u00ed. T\u00f9y v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hoa v\u0103n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ec7t ngang n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec7t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ea3nh v\u1ea3i g\u1ea5m nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t khung c\u1eedi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p hai t\u1ea7ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ec7t g\u1ea5m c\u1ea7n 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3: m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1edbi. C\u1ea3 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nhu\u1ea7n nhuy\u1ec5n v\u1edbi nhau. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sai s\u00f3t th\u00ec m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoa v\u0103n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u01afu\/nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i g\u1ea5m trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\"Harper's\n

\u01afU \u0110I\u1ec2M C\u1ee6A V\u1ea2I G\u1ea4M<\/h4>\n